MCU digital control IC technology is maturing

The variable frequency motor mainly relies on the electronic circuit composed of semiconductor components to drive the motor. The quality of the digital control technology of the MCU is related to the ideal motor efficiency. The MCU control technology is becoming more and more mature, and the efficiency of the variable frequency motor is enhanced by the FOC algorithm. Will gradually leap forward.

The motor is an indispensable power component in home appliances, and the amount of motor used is also one of the indicators of comfort. In home appliances, there are basically three types of motors: AC InducTIon Motor (ACIM), Brushed DC Motor, and DC Brushless Motor (BLDC/PMSM) (also known as variable frequency motors). In fact, the classification of motors can be distinguished from the following points.

power supply

From the point of view of the use of the power supply, it can be easily divided into two major categories: AC motor and DC motor.

control method

From the point of view of motor control, it can be easily divided into two categories: synchronous control and asynchronous control (inductive control). The BLDC/PMSM motor uses a synchronous control method that uses the current control on the stator to synchronously control the rotation of the motor rotor. The ACIM motor adopts the induction control mode, which uses the control of the current loop of the stator to induce the rotor, and the rotor magnetic field ring and the stator magnetic field ring have a speed difference.

Number of stator winding sets

The most common ones are three-phase motors and single-phase motors, in which the three-phase windings are also divided into Y-junctions and star-shaped junctions.

Brush

From the perspective of the presence or absence of brushes, it can be easily divided into two types: brush motor and brushless motor. The brush motor supplies the DC power to the windings as brushes and commutators (the brushes are fixed on the stator and the commutators are fixed on the rotor), and the brushless motor uses electronic circuits instead of brushes and commutators. .

Home appliances accelerate the introduction of high-efficiency energy-saving motor business opportunities to take off

The main reasons for driving the use of DC motors in the use of home appliances are as follows.

energy crisis

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the motor is the most power-hungry application, accounting for more than 46% of global electricity consumption. It has also become the primary improvement focus of the industry in implementing energy-saving and carbon-reduction. Among them, DC motors are highly efficient. The performance is better than the traditional ACIM. The use of DC motors has gradually become a trend in power components for home appliances.

It is estimated that upgrading from IE1 to IE3 will increase power efficiency by 8%. The implementation of the Motor Minimum Energy Efficiency Standard (MEPS) policy is currently in the promulgation period. Once it enters the mandatory period, it will set off a new wave of motor replacement and stimulate motor manufacturers and semiconductor factories to accelerate the introduction of new and more efficient new products. Program.

Power technology advancement

The adoption of three key power technology lithium battery components, switching power supply technology and solar panel power technology has enabled home appliances and mobile power to become new safe home and leisure concept products. For example, in recent years, rechargeable fans that are popular in Japan are advertised as safe home appliances. They can use batteries when power is off, and use adapters (Adaptor) to supply power through the mains. In addition, Europeans like to travel, rechargeable fans can be carried with you, there is no mains plug in the camping, you can also have an electric fan to blow. In addition to charging with solar panels, the rechargeable fan can also be charged with DC 12 volts (V), which is quite convenient to use.

Digital control IC technology matures

Today, the price of microcontrollers (MCUs) has fallen sharply to cater to the design needs of home appliances without increasing the price. In addition, the digital pulse width modulation (PWM) control technology is mature, and the same IC can be used to achieve square wave or sine wave control, which makes it easier for motor manufacturers and semiconductor manufacturers to control the material in the factory.

DC motor component advantage

At the same power, DC motor power conversion efficiency is better than the traditional ACIM. In addition, in order to reduce the cost of home appliances, it is often necessary to use plastic materials, and plastic materials are very afraid of overheating, such as health juice machine, food mixer and so on. The DC motor is less prone to burn than the AC motor, which is more advantageous.

On the other hand, at the same power, the DC motor torque is also stronger than ACIM. In recent years, the design of home appliance organizations emphasizes aesthetics and has a trend of miniaturization. Therefore, DC motors are more suitable for home appliance motor products that are smaller in size but require greater torque than ACIM, such as electric screwdrivers, water pumps for drinking fountains, and medical air pumps.

New trends in home appliances

The improvement of the quality of life at home has become a global trend. The mute appeal and stepless speed regulation of DC motors are widely used in the functional design of new home appliances, such as DC floor fans, ceiling fans, and air conditioners.

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