The latest fuel cell prototype for mobile phones is launched As part of a collaborative research project on miniaturized energy, the French Atomic Energy Agency (CEA) and STMicroelectronics (ST) have launched a prototype hydrogen fuel cell for mobile phones, which aims to reduce the dependence of mobile phone battery charging on electrical energy. This micro fuel cell uses a microfluidic structure etched on the back of silicon and forms a reaction interface on the surface of silicon. Silicon is paired with a fuel cylinder filled with hydrogen, which is the size of a small lighter. The product is expected to be in 2009 Put into commercial use at the end of the year or early 2010. "Five years ago, the power consumption of mobile phones was only 1W; and today, the power consumption of a 3G mobile phone reached 3-5W. If we cannot change the status of the battery, then with the emergence of a new generation of mobile phones, the battery life will be Shortening by 1/3 will cause great restrictions on users' enjoyment of multimedia services. "Didier Marsacq, director of the CEA New Energy Technology and Nanomaterials Innovation Laboratory (Liten), said at a press conference held at the CEA headquarters in Paris.
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According to CEA-Liten, the vigorous development of mobile devices has made unusual demands on rechargeable batteries, but the existing solutions still have many shortcomings in terms of performance, working hours, and environmental impact.
Marsacq revealed that the hydrogen-based fuel cell core unit (FCCU) used in CEA energy is jointly developed by CEA-Liten and ST; the energy management unit (EMU) is provided by ST; and the hydrogen fuel cartridge is from French Bic.CEA-Liten It uses a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) structure, which uses a solid electrolyte (located between the anode and the cathode, where H + ions or protons circulate back and forth). Its electrolyte is composed of a polymer and is in the shape of a membrane.
The cathode protected by the penetrating coating (which can be in contact with air) is placed on the upper part of the electrolyte membrane, and the channel connected to the anode of the lower part of the electrolyte membrane allows gaseous hydrogen to flow in. All these structures are manufactured on a silicon substrate by means of microelectronics F1: The cathode is placed on the upper part of the polymer-based electrolyte membrane, and the channel connected to the anode allows gaseous hydrogen to flow in. All these architectures are designed by CEA-Liten on a silicon substrate made by a microelectronic process The powdered sodium borohydride (NaBH) is stored in a small fuel cartridge, and some water is also stored in the cartridge. Splashing the liquid on the powder will cause hydrolysis, resulting in a power / weight ratio of 500Wh / liter. According to CEA-Liten, this disposable hydrogen fuel cartridge provides an energy density of 500 Wh / kg. When needed, energy can be obtained through electronic control of chemical reactions. Researchers from the agency said that one such fuel cartridge can be used for mobile phones at most. Charge the battery 5 times.
As a by-product of the chemical reaction, the system generates a small amount of water. When the liquid water evaporates, it takes away heat to cool the system, said Frederic Gaillard, director of the CEA Micro Energy Laboratory. CEA-Liten said that this micro fuel cell can provide silicon per square centimeter Up to 400mW energy, under normal circumstances, it can work stably at a power density of 150mW / cm2 for hundreds of hours. The team's goal is to achieve 1W / cm2 in about 4 years; if this level can be reached, the silicon wafer only It takes a few square centimeters to provide the power required for a mobile phone with a power consumption of 3-5W.
"Our main concern is the cost of materials. Although it is still in the prototype stage, we are far beyond the level of lithium-ion batteries in terms of energy density." Marsacq said. Igor Bimbaud, manager of ST Energy Division, introduced with CEA-Liten in 2007 The signed agreement stipulates that a 3,500 square meter laboratory will be built at the end of 2008, and the corresponding production equipment will also be put in place, paving the way for the industrialization of hydrogen fuel cells.
"By the end of 2009 or early 2010, our first product will come out in the form of an external accessory (charger or additional battery expansion container). Bimbaud revealed," At present, we have designed a hydrogen fuel cartridge and micro Fuel cell belt. "Our goal is to extend the working time of mobile phones by 5 times.
At the same time, the ongoing plan also includes the provision of a micro fuel cell that can be integrated into the handheld device and supplemented by a small lithium-ion battery. Energy required for new functions.
