The energy storage system has been regarded as an important part of the six links of "production-generation-transmission-distribution-use-storage" in the process of electric power production. After the introduction of energy storage links in the system, demand-side management can be effectively carried out, peaks and valleys can be smoothed, loads can be smoothed, power equipment can be used more efficiently, power supply costs can be reduced, and the application of renewable energy can also be promoted. A means of stability and frequency adjustment. Therefore, the use of energy storage technology has great strategic significance for the construction of smart grids. The energy storage inverter is the interface between the power grid and the energy storage device. It can be used in different occasions (grid-connected system, island system and hybrid system), and has a series of inverters with special functions. The smart grid system with energy storage inverters is shown in the figure below. Energy storage inverter is a kind of grid-connected inverter suitable for the construction of smart grid, which is applied in energy storage and takes two-way inverter as the basic feature and has a series of special performance and functions. The energy storage link in the smart grid can effectively regulate the power resources, and can balance the difference in power consumption day and night and different seasons, adjust the surplus, and ensure the safety of the power grid. It is an important prerequisite for the application of renewable energy and an effective means to achieve interactive management of the power grid. Without energy storage, the realization of a smart grid is impossible. The energy storage inverter is suitable for various applications that require dynamic energy storage, that is, to store electric energy when the electric energy is surplus, and to output the stored electric energy to the grid after the electric energy is insufficient; to play an emergency independent inverter in the microgrid effect. Working mode of energy storage inverter: The operation mode of energy storage inverter can be divided into grid-connected mode, island system mode and hybrid system mode. Grid connection mode In the grid-connected mode, BESS is connected to a large-capacity public power grid. Large capacity means that the total capacity of the power grid is at least 10 times greater than the BESS capacity. The main feature of the grid connection mode is that BESS must be synchronized with the existing grid frequency. To achieve synchronization with the grid, BESS acts as a current source relative to the grid. In some cases, BESS must be able to provide voltage support to the grid through reactive power control. This mode is commonly used for load shaping, filtering, peak shaving, and power quality adjustment. Island system pattern The island system mode is that BESS is connected in parallel with one or more power generation systems to form a local "microgrid". The main feature of the island system is that the local power grid is separated from the large power grid, and the rated power of the BESS is approximately equal to the total power generated by the local power grid. In this system, BESS must be able to act as a network power supply to provide voltage and frequency control to the "micronet". The characteristic of the island system is that BESS is connected to the local power grid. These situations may exist in remote mountainous areas or small islands. Common applications include smoothing power fluctuations caused by variable power sources and / or variable loads, stabilizing the power grid, optimizing fuel use, and regulating power quality. Mixed system mode The hybrid system mode must be able to switch between grid-connected systems and island systems. The main feature of the hybrid system is that BESS is connected to a small local network, which in turn is connected to a large public network. Under normal working conditions, BESS is connected in parallel with a large power grid to operate as a grid-connected system. If the power grid loses power and the local power grid is disconnected from the large power grid, BESS works in an island system to control the local power grid. Common applications include filtering, stabilizing the power grid, regulating power quality, and creating self-healing grids. Main functions and performance indicators of energy storage inverters 1. Active control mode of power stabilization, suitable for intermittent energy output power short-term fluctuation and stabilization; 2. Passive control mode of power stabilization, accept control of power grid dispatching system, participate in power grid peak-shaving and valley filling; 3. The integrated design of charge and discharge, the charge and discharge strategy can be selected according to the characteristics of the energy storage element (such as constant current charge and discharge, constant power charge and discharge, automatic charge and discharge, etc.). 4. Grid-connected operation, reactive power automatic or dispatch compensation function, low voltage ride-through function. 5. Off-grid operation: independent power supply, adjustable voltage and frequency; multi-machine parallel combined power supply, power can be automatically distributed between multiple machines. 6. Equipped with Ethernet, CAN and RS485 interfaces, providing an open communication protocol to facilitate information exchange between BMS (battery management system) and monitoring system. 7. Complete protection function can protect the safety of converter and energy storage element under various fault conditions. The main function and function of the energy storage inverter is to realize the bidirectional transmission of energy between the AC grid power and the energy of the storage battery. It is also a bidirectional converter, which can be adapted to a variety of DC energy storage units, such as super capacitor banks, Battery packs, flywheel batteries, etc., not only can quickly and effectively achieve the stabilization of random power or tide fluctuations in distributed power generation systems, improve the grid's ability to accept large-scale renewable energy power generation (wind energy, photovoltaic), and can accept dispatch instructions Absorb or supplement the peak and valley power of the power grid and provide reactive power to improve the power supply quality and economic benefits of the power grid. In the event of power grid failure or power outage, it also has an independent network power supply function to improve the power supply safety of the load.
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