In order to cater to the brighter, lower cost chip lighting market, LED manufacturers are launching large-scale market campaigns. But if their downstream customers (LED applications) continue to design inefficient brackets (or fixtures), it will be futile. Author: Richard Stevenson As you may often hear, the general illumination of LEDs will be the next big event. Manufacturers seldom talk about other things, and they have even started investigations to confirm that parking lots with LED lights make people feel safer. Researchers are using the lighting market to attract everyone, so breakthroughs in chip performance are even more important. Market analysts also support this view, LED is the key to development in the next two decades. As Steele points out, the current LED sales growth in the lighting market does not include the replacement of home or office bulbs. In fact, LED sales have grown in many smaller and less profitable markets, with the most architectural lighting in these markets. Steele said that until now, the function of the device is to drive the market's upward momentum, such as color and timing of color adjustment. “Efficiency is not a driving factor, because LEDs have not been more efficient until recently. If you value efficiency, you might use fluorescent bulbs, compact fluorescent lamps or cermet halide lamps.†The choice of color and low-temperature light source is already at the lighting cosmetic counter. It is widely used in jewelry stores, where the lighting of LEDs makes the gemstones even more dazzling, and the success is remarkable. Illumination on Walmart refrigerator displays is another application highlight due to the relatively high efficiency of such devices at lower temperatures.
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For example, Market analyst Beb Steele of Strategies Unlimited predicts that LED sales in the lighting market will grow at a compound annual rate of 38% in the next five years. This will drive the market value of the LED chip segment, including hundreds of LED stents and light source companies worldwide, and the overall LED market will increase from $205 million in 2006 to $1 billion in 2011. In the next five years, sales of red, green and blue LEDs will be reduced proportionally. They are often used for decorative lighting on the exterior of buildings, and the sales of white LEDs that can replace traditional incandescent lamps will increase. By 2011, white LEDs will account for 60% of the lighting market.
These predictions combine the enthusiasm and favorable regulations of high-brightness LED manufacturers. In the coming year, the law will ban the sale of incandescent bulbs in certain parts of the world, making it easy to infer from these predictions that the success of LEDs in the general lighting market will no longer be superficial. However, if you look closely at what actually happened, a different picture will appear in your mind. In markets with greater potential, LEDs are relatively weak, and many racking facilities do not provide the level of efficiency required for LED lighting.
Figure. LED chips with ever-increasing efficiency are infiltrating into existing commercial products. However, they are wasted by inefficient lighting fixtures, which often lose/was more than half of the emitted light. Despite this, a few companies such as LED Lighting Fixtures have a more efficient design. Image source: LLF
But to gain a foothold in the residential lighting market is another matter, and the emerging construction market offers the best prospects for its development. According to Steele, it is easier to replace existing technologies with LEDs in new buildings. “The emergence of new technologies is always accompanied by high prices and greater potential. But thousands of lighting designers and lighting companies around the world have established grassroots institutions to support incandescent and fluorescent lights. These institutions have not left.â€
Steele also pointed out that changes in the lighting industry are slow, and it hinders acceptance of any new technology. Despite the growing interest in LED technology , sales of LED products account for a very small percentage of lighting fixture companies.
Due to poor design and inefficient tools, we are more worried about the potential threats to the long-term development of LED luminaires. Steele said: "LED manufacturers have done a good job to promote this technology, and we are likely to see 100lm/W devices on the market this year. However, lighting manufacturers have not used high-efficiency LEDs. The advantages that chips bring to them. This is a major problem in the solid-state lighting industry. It is not only related to the production of efficient brackets, but also inseparable from how to promote this production technology."
Steele's stern warning was supported by a report from the US Department of Energy's Solid State Lighting Industry Test Program, which was published in March this year. The US Department of Energy detailed the efficacy test results of various LED-based light sources (see the table on the next page) and concluded. Some products on the market today offer light output that is not as good as conventional light sources, and most products are less efficient than those included in the product literature.
According to the report, the reason for the lack of performance is that several product manufacturers have used the LED's power value and used it on the lamp. This can be misleading because many fixtures produce only one-third of the actual power. Unfortunately, this inaccurate product has been widely disseminated, and in the US Department of Energy report it is estimated to be equivalent to one-sixth of the light source. They have precise values ​​for total output and power efficiency.
Buying something that cannot fulfill its stated requirements will never win customer satisfaction. Steele regrets to say: "It's not just inefficiency, it's much lower than what is claimed. When the requirements for efficiency are not supported by actual results, there will be credibility issues. Even if the lighting industry makes people shine, then It will take a few years."
Steele believes that the inefficiency of many fixtures is due to the lack of necessary and professional skills of many company employees. “Our survey results show that most traditional lighting companies, even large ones, do not have their own skills and do not have the skills to design them with LEDs to design efficient lamps.†The lack of skills should be over time The shift was resolved; however, most of them were not well versed in the power systems that power LEDs and the methods needed for thermal management and optical design. “But when we learned that these inefficient products came from smaller LED companies, how to use them became a headache.â€
Failure to understand how to install and use LED lighting will also shorten the life of the diode, which will result in poor thermal management and an increase in drive current. In addition, any failures within the luminaire cannot be repaired by replacing a cheap bulb. Instead, repairs may involve replacement of the entire light source. It is an expensive project that includes the replacement of new thermal management systems and new optical systems.
Although these problems caused by LED luminaires are frustrating and may cloud the lighting industry, many luminaire companies are developing high-efficiency products that give us a glimmer of hope. There are very few people or companies, such as LED Lighting Fixtures (LLF), which was founded by Neal Hunter, former CEO, President and Chairman of Cree. Like Steele, he is also worried that overheated sales are creating misleading numbers, and he believes that in the long run, it is not good to release unreliable products or "deceptive" numbers. These are not typical values ​​for high performance parameters, but are generated by transient testing of the LEDs and by the use of low drive currents that produce higher device efficiencies, which are not values ​​for thermal equilibrium.
Recently LLF announced the launch of a 6-inch ceiling spotlight that produces 650 lm of light at 11 W of socket power. The bulb is impressive per watt of lumens, and the price is less than $75, which has been confirmed by third-party lighting laboratories during heat balance. Moreover, the lumens per watt verifies the benefits of good design, which enables luminaires to produce more than 90% efficiency.
Steele added that he recently visited a house that uses optical design with an optical efficiency of 95%. This confirms that high-efficiency LED luminaires are feasible; it also confirms that the LED lighting industry is different from fiber optic lighting. Fiber optic lighting did not achieve its intended goal 10-15 years ago. However, in addition to vertically integrated large companies such as OSRAM and Philips, they will not be fully controlled by the manufacturer to successfully complete the market. While lower chip prices and higher lumen efficiency will help increase sales in the lighting market, it may be more important to use luminaires that take full advantage of LED light; and in the general lighting market, with those that can contribute to this The company's partnership is the key to success.
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