Single chip microcomputer STM32L151CCU6

SMD aluminum electrolytic capacitor

RF cable can be customized for other specifications

Mobile phone crystal 3.2*2.5mm 3225 26M (26.000MHZ) 7.5PF 10PPM 20PPM 30PPM

1. Classification according to the location of the fault (1) Host failure The mainframe of the CNC machine tool usually refers to the mechanical, lubrication, cooling, chip evacuation, hydraulic, pneumatic and protective components of the CNC machine. Common faults of the host are:
1) Mechanical transmission failure due to improper installation, commissioning, improper operation and other reasons
2) Failure due to interference of moving parts such as guide rails and spindles, excessive friction, etc.
3) Failure caused by damage to mechanical parts, poor connection, etc., etc.
Main engine failures are mainly caused by large transmission noise, poor machining accuracy, large running resistance, mechanical parts movement, mechanical parts damage, and so on. Poor lubrication, hydraulic and pneumatic system piping blockage and poor sealing are common causes of host failure. Regular maintenance and maintenance of CNC machine tools. Controlling and eradicating the "three leaks" phenomenon is an important measure to reduce the partial failure of the host.
(2) Electrical control system failure from the type of components used. According to the usual habits, electrical control system faults are usually divided into two categories: “weak” faults and “strong power” faults.
The “weak power” part refers to the control part mainly composed of electronic components and integrated circuits in the control system. The weak parts of CNC machine tools include CNC, plc, MDI/C RT, servo drive unit, and output to output unit.
"Weak current" faults are divided into hardware faults and software faults. A hardware failure refers to a failure of an integrated circuit chip, a discrete electronic component, a connector, and an external connection component of each of the above components. Software failure refers to faults such as actions, data loss, etc. that occur under normal hardware conditions. Errors in the machining program, changes or loss of system programs and parameters, computer operation errors, etc.
The "strong power" part refers to the main circuit in the control system or the high-voltage, high-power circuit relays, contactors, switches, fuses, power transformers, motors, electromagnets, travel switches and other electrical components and their components Control circuit. Although this part of the fault is more convenient for maintenance and diagnosis, but because it is in high voltage, high current working state, the probability of failure is higher than the "weak electricity" part. Must pay enough attention to maintenance personnel.
2. Classification according to the nature of the fault (1) Deterministic fault The deterministic fault refers to the hardware damage in the control system host or the failure of the CNC machine tool as long as certain conditions are met.
This type of fault phenomenon is most common on CNC machine tools, but because it has certain rules, it also brings convenience to maintenance. The deterministic fault is irreversible. Once the fault occurs, if it is not repaired, the machine will not Automatically resumes normal. But as long as the root cause of the failure is found, the machine can return to normal immediately after the repair is completed. Proper use and careful maintenance are important measures to prevent or avoid failures.
(2) Random faults Random faults are incidents in which index-controlled machine tools accidentally occur during the working process. The causes of such faults are hidden, and it is difficult to find out their regularity. Therefore, it is often called “soft fault”, the cause of random faults. Analysis and fault diagnosis are difficult. Generally speaking, the occurrence of faults is often related to many factors such as the installation quality of components, the setting of parameters, the quality of components, imperfect software design, and the influence of working environment.
Random faults are recoverable. After a fault occurs, the machine can usually return to normal by restarting the machine, but the same fault may occur during operation.
Strengthening the maintenance and inspection of the CNC system to ensure the sealing of the electrical box, reliable installation and connection, proper grounding and shielding are important measures to reduce and avoid such failures. 3. Classification according to the indication form of the fault (1) Faults with the indication of the display The fault display of the CNC machine can be divided into two cases: indicator display and display display:
1) Indicator display alarm indicator Display alarm refers to the alarm displayed by the status indicator (usually composed of LED tube or small indicator) on each unit of the control system. According to the status indicator of the numerical control system, even when the display is faulty, the location and nature of the fault can be roughly analyzed. The status of these status indicators should be carefully checked during maintenance and troubleshooting.
2) The display shows an alarm. The display display alarm is an alarm that can display the alarm number and alarm information through the CNC display. Since the numerical control system generally has a strong self-diagnosis function, if the system's diagnostic software and display circuit work normally, once the system fails, the fault information can be displayed on the display in the form of an alarm number and text. There are dozens of alarms that can be displayed on the CNC system, and there are thousands of alarms. It is important information for fault diagnosis.
In the display display alarm, it can be divided into NC alarm and PLC report. The former is the display of the drop setting for the CNC manufacturer. It can be used in conjunction with the system's “Service Manual” to determine the cause of the failure.
The latter is the PLC alarm information text set by the CNC machine tool manufacturer, which belongs to the falling display of the machine side. It can be compared with the relevant contents in the "Machine Repair Manual" provided by the machine tool manufacturer. Determine the cause of the failure.
(2) Failure without alarm display When such a fault occurs. There is no alarm display on the machine tool and the system, and the analysis and diagnosis difficulty is usually large. It needs to be confirmed through careful and careful analysis. Especially for some early CNC systems, because the diagnostic function of the system itself is not strong, or there is no PLC alarm information text, there is more trouble with no alarm display.
For the failure to display the alarm, it is usually necessary to analyze the specific situation, according to the changes before and after the failure. For analysis and judgment, principle analysis method and PLC program analysis method are the main methods to solve the problem of no alarm display failure.
4. Classification according to the cause of the fault (1) The failure of the CNC machine itself is caused by the CNC machine itself, and has nothing to do with the external environmental conditions. Most of the faults that occur in CNC machine tools are such faults.
(2) External faults of CNC machine tools These types of faults are caused by external causes. The power supply voltage is too low, too high, and the fluctuation is too large: the power phase sequence is incorrect or the three-phase input voltage is unbalanced; the ambient temperature is too high: harmful gases, moisture, and dust are granted: external vibration and interference are causing malfunctions. the reason.
In addition, human factors are also one of the external causes of CNC machine tool failure. According to relevant statistics, the first use of CNC machine tools or the operation of CNC machine tools by unskilled workers, in the first year of use, the external failure caused by improper operation More than one-third of the total machine failure.
In addition to the above common fault classification methods, there are many other different classification methods.